The state of cancer care in Russia: lung cancer, patient survival (population study at the federal district level)

Abstract

Lung cancer (LC) remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in many economically developed countries of the world. In 2019, more than 60 thousand primary cases of LC and more than 50 thousand deaths from this cause were recorded in Russia. The registration reliability index remains high - 0.83, which indicates a significant underestimation of primary patients.
At the same time, it should be noted that the standardized rates of morbidity and mortality from LC continue to decline. The most effective criterion for evaluating the activity of the oncological service is the indicator of the observed and relative survival of patients with malignant neoplasms (MNO). Such a possibility exists in many territories of Russia, but it is calculated only in selected territories working according to our programs, and first of all, in the newly created population cancer register of the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) with a database (DB) of more than 1 million. 350 thousand observations.
The results obtained can be fully extended to the whole of Russia, since the levels of standardized indicators of morbidity and mortality from LC in Russia and the NWFD of the Russian Federation are practically identical.
The study showed that from 2000 to 2017, the median survival rate of patients with LC in the NWFD increased from 6.4 to 8.0 months, and the one-year mortality rate decreased from 65,2% to 60,8%.
The change in indicators is extremely slow. Differences in the mortality rate (in standardized indicators) from LC between men and women differ in Russia by 7,1, in the NWFD of the RF - by 7.0.
Mortality in men from LC in the first year of observation is 63.5% versus 52.5% among the female population, which is primarily due to the peculiarities of the industrial production process and bad habits that are more characteristic of the male population.