The role of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection in shaping the dynamics of the main indicators of the Federal Project "Fight against oncological diseases"

Abstract

Aim. To study the dynamics of the main indicators of the Federal Project «Fight against Cancer» before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material and methods. The dynamics of the main indicators of the Federal project «Fight against oncological diseases» in the Russian Federation, federal districts and subjects of the Federation during 2016–2018 (before the pandemic) and 2019–2020 is analyzed (against the background of a pandemic).

Results. Despite the tendency to decrease the mortality rate of the population from neoplasms (from 204.3 in 2016 to 202 in 2020 per 100 thousand population) in the Russian Federation, it was not possible to achieve the target level for this indicator. The share of malignant neoplasms detected in the early stages (stages I–II) increased by 3.1% during the period 2016–2018 (from 54.7% to 56.4%), but later in 2019 and in 2020, during the pandemic, the growth was replaced by a decrease (–1.9%). The one-year mortality rate of patients with malignant neoplasms decreased in 2016–2018. — by 4.7% (from 23.3% to 22.2%), and for 2019–2020 — by 5.1% (21.7% to 20.6%). The proportion of patients with malignant neoplasms registered for 5 years or more in 2020 increased by 2.4% compared to 2019 (from 55.3 to 56.6%), which made it possible to achieve the target value in 2020.

Conclusion. In 2020, against the background of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, it was not possible to achieve the target values of the mortality rate from neoplasms and the proportion of malignant neoplasms detected at early stages. The values of the indicators of one-year mortality of patients with malignant neoplasms and the proportion of patients with malignant neoplasms registered for 5 years or more have reached the target level.