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摘要
После анализа данных зарубежной литературы остается много спорных вопросов о влиянии воспаления на развитие рака толстой кишки. Молекулярные механизмы в различных формах колоректального рака различаются и во многом связаны с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника. Есть некоторые иммунологические сходства и различия между колит-ассоциированным раком толстой кишки, возникающем на фоне воспаления и другими подтипами колоректального рака, которые развиваются без каких-либо признаков явного воспалительного процесса. немаловажное влияние на развитие спорадического колоректального рака и колит- ассоциированного рака оказывает кишечная микробиота. Злокачественные опухоли толстой кишки, вне зависимости от формы колоректального рака, имеют повышенную экспрессию провоспалительных цитокинов. При колоректальном раке роль туморинфильтри-рующих иммуноцитов и воспалительного микроокружения опухоли неоднозначна, с одной стороны, они осуществляют противоопухолевую иммунную защиту, с другой, проонкогеннную функцию. В перспективе, противовоспалительные биопрепараты смогут снизить риск развития колоректального рака.
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