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Аннотация
Рак легкого и хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких являются самыми распространенными причинами смерти пациентов во всем мире. В основе этиологии этих болезней лежат изменения альвеолоцитов и других клеток, выстилающих поверхность легочного дерева, возникающие на фоне хронического взаимодействия с никотином и продуктами горения табака. Персистирующее воспаление в условиях нарушенных репаративных процессов, а также изменения на уровне эпигенетических процессов регуляции работы генома реализуются в структурно-функциональных изменениях легких. Исследования общегеномных ассоциаций среди пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких и раком легкого, направленные на поиск генов-кандидатов развития этих полигенных заболеваний выявили общие локусы однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов холинергических рецепторов никотиновой альфа-субъединицы CHRNA3 и CHRNA5 и области в 4q31, 4q24 и 5q, что доказывает общность данных патологий. Эти данные подчеркивают важность расширения исследований, посвященных проблемам взаимосвязи и ассоциации рака легкого и хронической обструктивной болезни легких.
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