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Abstract
Over the past two decades, radiotherapy paradigms have completely shifted from a two-dimensional (2D) imaging based solely on anatomical bone landmarks to patient-specific, three-dimensional (3-D) image-based internal dosimetry. The new approaches take into account differences in tumor size, position and organs at risk (OARs), which helps to more accurately deliver focal radiotherapy doses to the targets while maximizing OAR dose sparing.
This article briefly outlines the advances in remote radiotherapy (RRT) and automated brachytherapy (ABT) for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. At the same time the study focuses in the evolution process from 2D to 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), followed by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), which has now become the standard of planning and delivering RRT. Advances in brachytherapy (BT) are discussed, in particular the shift from the Manchester low-dose-rate BT system to the adaptive 3D Image-Guided Brachytherapy (3D-IGABT) that has been currently introduced. In this context, the paper highlights recent large cohort studies that have shown significant improvements in local control (LC) and reductions in toxicity associated with the use of 3D-IGABT technology. Finally, the study provides a brief summary of other emerging technologies in radiotherapy for invasive locally advanced cervical cancer.
References
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