摘要
Холангиоцеллюлярный рак является вторым по распространенности злокачественным заболеванием печени после гепатоцеллюлярного рака. В последние десятилетия были внедрены различные методы лечения в онкологии. В то же время возможности лечения больных с холангиоцеллюлярным раком остаются по-прежнему ограниченными. гемцитабин и цисплатин являются препаратами выбора в первой линии лекарственной терапии у пациентов с нерезектабельной опухолью. Вторая линия химиотерапии не стандартизирована и ее выбор зависит от выбора терапии первой линии. Анализ применения препаратов таргетной терапии показал противоречивые или отрицательные результаты. В целом, комбинированная терапия превосходит монохимиотерапию первой линии. Изучение эффективности препаратов для терапии второй линии имеет большое значение, поскольку в настоящее время не существует стандартов лекарственного лечения. не имеется достоверных данных эффективности применения адъювантной терапии совместно с хирургическим лечением. Данное обстоятельство требует проведения больших рандомизированных исследований. В то же время во многих исследованиях показана корреляция увеличения выживаемости у пациентов с плохим прогнозом при проведении адъювантной терапии. Изучение молекулярного профиля привело к более глубокому пониманию генетических изменений, лежащих в основе развития злокачественного новообразования, и, возможно, будущая дифференцировка анатомической или молекулярной структур будет оптимальной для подбора адекватной химиотерапии.
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