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Aim. To model the orbital tumor by intraorbital transplantation of Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) in mice and to evaluate the activity of the domestic compound 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol) in this model in comparison with its structural analogous drug lomustine.
Materials and methods. To model intraorbital tumors in 40 BALB/c mice, tumor cells of the standard EC strain (1 × 106 cells in 0.05 ml of sterile 0.9 % sodium chloride solution) were used, which were injected using a thin needle transconjunctivally into the cavity of the right orbit above its lower wall. When testing the method (on 10 mice), it was shown that the tumor grows rapidly, destroys the structures, and spreads beyond the orbit. Other mice were divided into three groups (10 animals each) with a single dose of lomustine (50 mg/kg, per os), chlonisol (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle (control). The antitumor activity of the drugs was assessed by the inhibition of the transplanted tumor growth and the survival rate of the animals.
Results. Both the drugs inhibited tumor growth: lomustine — by 59-72 %, and chlonisol — by 95-100 % compared with the control (р < 0,01-0,0001). The inhibitory activity of chlorinisol was statistically significantly higher than that of lomustine. Median lifespan was increased by 28 % (p = 0.006) with lomustine treatment compared to control, and 212 % (p < 0.0001) with chlorinisol treatment. Median lifespan was increased by 28 % (p = 0.006) with lomustine treatment, and 212 % (p < 0.0001) with chlorinisol treatment compared to control. When the efficacy of the drugs was compared, chlorinisol showed a 144 % higher rate of efficacy than lomustine (p = 0.0005). Half of the mice in the chlorinisol group lived more than 90 days without recurrence, which can be considered as cure.
Conclusion. In mice with EC transplanted into the orbit, the antitumor activity of the compound 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol) was statistically significantly higher than that of its structural analogue, the drug lomustine.
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