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Abstract
Introduction. Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a malignant tumor that results from the transformation of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing pigment in the skin. According to the WHO, the incidence of melanoma has increased significantly in recent decades, especially in countries with a predominantly fair-skinned population. Due to the territorial characteristics of the Russian Federation, the incidence varies in different regions of the country. In order to develop territorial anti-cancer programs in the Siberian Federal District (SFD), including for the prevention of melanoma, an urgent task is to assess incidence and mortality rates, as well as cancer care for the population.
Materials and Methods. The study was based on the annual reporting forms of the Federal Statistical Observation No. 7 and No. 35 for the region and its 10 subjects for 2013-2022, as well as information on the number and composition of the population by sex and age according to the Federal State Statistics Service. Age-standardized and crude incidence rates were calculated using the direct method. Quality indicators for cancer care were evaluated according to the methodological recommendations of the P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. Annual dynamics were estimated using regression analysis at the p ≤ 0.05 level.
Results. In 2022, 1,273 new cases of CM were registered in the SFD, of which 37.5 % were men and 62.5 % were women. According to the results, the proportion of CM in the structure of cancer incidence in the SFD is higher for women than for men, as well as in terms of incidence in general (IR for women — 4.9 0/0000; men — 4.4 0/0000). However, there was a significant increase in incidence in the male population during the study period. Over the period studied, the rates of active detection and early diagnosis of CM in the SFD have increased.
Conclusion. An analysis of the epidemiological situation of the CM in the SFD showed an increase in the incidence among the male population as in Russia as a whole, with an increase in the number of cases among men aged 45 to 49 years. From 2013 to 2022, the mortality rate of the population remained at the same level.
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