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Abstract
Introduction. It is known that the presence of signs of nutritional deficiency in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer is associated with an increase in the frequency of complications of anti-tumor treatment, a deterioration in the quality of life and a reduction in its duration. In this context, it is relevant to assess the impact of correcting nutritional deficiencies on the effectiveness of complex treatment of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.
Aim. To assess the prognostic role of correcting nutritional deficiencies in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer subject to complex antitumor treatment.
Materials and Methods. The study analyzed data from 200 patients with verified locally advanced gastric cancer. During the prospective part of the study, 100 patients in the observation group received nutritional support as part of their complex antitumor treatment. The historical control group included retrospective data from 100 patients who received only complex antitumor treatment. The 5-year event-free and overall survival of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer was assessed, and survival rates were analyzed separately according to initial nutritional status.
Results. 5-year event-free survival was 86.7 % in patients without nutritional deficiency in the observation group versus 52.3 % in the historical control group (p < 0.001); in patients with nutritional deficiency, it was 48.9 % versus 46.6 % (p = 0.24). The 5-year overall survival rate for patients without nutritional deficiency in the observation group was 92.7 % versus 83.5 % in the historical control group (p < 0.23); for patients with nutritional deficiency, it was 72.7 % versus 70.2 % (p < 0.752). Patients in the observation group who did not show initial signs of nutritional deficiency had a better overall survival rate than other subgroups (92.7 %).
Conclusion. The presence of initial symptoms of nutritional deficiency negatively affects the long-term outcomes of complex treatment of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. The prophylactic administration of nutritional support to patients without underlying nutritional disorders indirectly allows them to achieve the best results in terms of event-free and overall survival.
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