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Abstract
The article discussed the use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in clinical practice and highlighted the latest research in the search for promising ways to treat cancer patients, using breast cancer with different levels of lymphocyte infiltration as an example. One of the promising methods of tumour therapy today is immunotherapy, which is based on targeting immune control "points" or checkpoints, a system of inhibitory mechanisms that regulate the activation of the immune response. By acting on checkpoints, tumour cells prevent the activation of tumour-specific lymphocytes and thus become resistant to the action of the immune system. The goal of immunotherapy is to block the interaction of immune checkpoints and their ligands expressed by tumor cells and their microenvironment, leading to reactivation of the anti-tumor immune response. In this context, studies aimed at identifying molecular targets are currently underway. The main target of these studies are tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A literature search of Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, CyberLeninka, RSCI and CNKI databases was conducted to prepare the review. The analysis used sources indexed in the Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases; 70 % of papers published in the last 5 years. 40 sources were used to write this review.
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