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Abstract
Introduction. Previous studies have demonstrated the antitumor activity of 3d-metal gluconates (MeGl) in vivo using a murine myeloma model. Given the established role of stress as a contributing factor in cancer progression, investigating the potential antistress effects of MeGl is of significant interest.
Aim. To assess the anti-stress and antitumor effects of 3d-metal gluconate compositions and manganese gluconate in the Sp2/0-Ag14 murine myeloma model under stress-induced conditions in vivo.
Material and methods. The study used BALB/c mice, a composition of 3d-metal compounds (Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn) with gluconic acid (MeGl) and manganese gluconate (MnGl), synthesized at the Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center, RAS. Fluoxetine was used as the reference compound. Myeloma was induced via intraperitoneal injection of 10⁶ Sp2/0-Ag14 cells one day prior to treatment initiation. Stress disorder was modeled daily 10-minute exposure to cat urine odor. The compounds' effects were evaluated after three weeks of oral administration by assessing behavioral responses in the open field (OF), and myeloma regression parameters including inhibition of body weight gain (IBWG), inhibition of ascites development (IAD), life expectancy increase (LEI). The study included seven experimental groups (n=14/group): 1 — intact; 2 — control-stress; 3 — control-myeloma; 4 — myeloma + stress; 5 — myeloma + stress + fluoxetine; 6 — myeloma + stress + MeGl; 7 — myeloma + stress + MnGl.
Results. Following treatment with either the 3d-metal gluconate complex and manganese gluconate in groups 6 and 7, all regression parameters increased compared to groups 4 to 53.1 % and 59.8 % (IBWG), 58.1 % and 64.5 % (IAD), 179.8 % and 197.8 % (LEI). Group 5 showed substantially lower efficacy across all parameters: 21.1%; 26.9%; 23.2%. Notably, Group 7 restored emotionality and motor activity to near-intact levels, with marginally superior outcomes compared to Group 6. Both experimental compounds demonstrated significantly enhanced antitumor and anti-stress effects relative to fluoxetine treatment.
Conclusion. In BALB/c mice with modeled myeloma under chronic stress conditions, administration of either the 3d-metal gluconates or manganese gluconate demonstrated dual therapeutic effects: significant tumor growth inhibition coupled with marked anti-stress activity.
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