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Аннотация
Рак желудка – это злокачественное заболевание с низкой общей выживаемостью, характеризующееся, в ряде случаев, агрессивным течением, несмотря на современные достижения хирургии, химиотерапии, молекулярно-генетических технологий. В связи с тем, что результаты лечения по-прежнему крайне неудовлетворительные, поиск новых терапевтических мишеней стал задачей номер один. В исторической перспективе HER2/neu-ориентированная таргетная терапия, продемонстрировавшая высокую эффективность в лечении рака молочной железы, послужила причиной для поиска высокого уровня экспрессии в других злокачественных новообразованиях. На протяжении десятилетий исследовались различные опухолевые локализации. Выяснено, что 10-20% аденокарцином желудка имеют высокую экспрессию HER2 рецептора. Результаты клинического исследования ToGA позволили включить трастузумаб в первую линию системной химиотерапии неоперабельного местнораспросраненного и метастатического HER2-положительного рака желудка. Настоящий обзор посвящен комплексному рассмотрению HER2-ориентированной таргетной терапии рака желудка, с раскрытием молекулярно-генетических особенностей сигнального пути, оценкой результатов существующих клинических исследований.
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